La democracia fácil es la que no desarrolla el pensamiento crítico y es por lo tanto una “democracia crédula”. Es también la que se basa solo en derechos y no en los correspondientes deberes, la democracia de la queja y la reclamación, pero no de la participación y es también la “democracia de las preferencias”. El problema está en que una democracia basada en las preferencias no puede proporcionar una idea coherente del bien común. Lo expliqué en el Panóptico 14, comentando el “teorema de la imposibilidad” de Kenneth Arrow. Daniel Innerarity, en “La democracia de los algoritmos” (EL PAÍS 7.8.2021) señala que en la “democracia algorítmica”, “nuestras preferencias son tomadas en consideración, pero se nos priva del momento de construcción deliberativa en el que esas preferencias no son meramente agregadas, sino que interaccionan con la otras. El problema de gobernanza algorítmica es que gracias a los algoritmos intervenimos en la expresión de preferencias e intereses, pero no en la construcción de una totalidad social deseable que nos habría permitido eventualmente modificarlos”. La democracia de los likes es demasiado elemental, emocional y manipulable. Fukuyama ha hablado de que la democracia puede fomentar una “felicidad blanda y fácil”, llevando incluso de dejar de valorar la libertad porque, como dice el título de una obra de Jean Paul Kauffman: La libertad es cansada (C’est fatigant la liberté).
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